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An Internet backbone is a physical network, which often is comprised of several smaller networks, which carries Internet traffic between different networks. Its spans from one major metropolitan area to another provided by a handful of national Internet service providers (ISPs), and ensure the Internet grows by attaching smaller, interconnected networks together. As such, these backbones are typically high speed fiber connections and can transfer data up to gigabits a second.

Local ISPs connect to an Internet backbone through routers so that data can be carried though the backbone to its destination.